Chemistry XI Unit 8 Questions: 52 Time Limit: 52 minutes Passing Score: 60% Start Quiz Chemistry XI Unit 8 Question 1 of 52 Organic chemistry is study of: metals and minerals carbon compounds ionic compounds salts Hydrocarbons are: compounds with H and C only compounds with H, C, and O compounds with N compounds with metals Alkanes are hydrocarbons with: single C-C bonds only double C=C bonds triple C≡C bonds aromatic rings Alkenes are hydrocarbons with: single C-C bonds double C=C bonds triple C≡C bonds benzene ring Alkynes are hydrocarbons with: single C-C bonds double C=C bonds triple C≡C bonds aromatic bonds General formula for alkanes: CnH(2n) CnH(2n+2) CnH(2n-2) CnH(n) General formula for alkenes: CnH(2n) CnH(2n+2) CnH(2n-2) CnH(n+2) General formula for alkynes: CnH(2n) CnH(2n+2) CnH(2n-2) CnH(n) Isomerism in alkanes is: chain isomerism position isomerism geometric isomerism optical isomerism Isomerism in alkenes can be: chain isomerism positional isomerism geometric isomerism all of above Geometric isomerism requires: single C-C bond double C=C bond aromatic ring tetrahedral carbon Geometric isomers are: cis-trans or E-Z constitutional isomers enantiomers tautomers IUPAC nomenclature uses: longest carbon chain number of substituents position of groups all of above In alkane nomenclature, '-ane' suffix means: alkene alkyne saturated hydrocarbon unsaturated In alkene nomenclature, '-ene' suffix means: saturated contains C=C double bond contains triple bond aromatic In alkyne nomenclature, '-yne' suffix means: alkane alkene contains C≡C triple bond aromatic Priority of groups in IUPAC naming depends on: atomic number of atoms attached to C mass number electronegativity bond order In addition reaction: bonds break and form only bonds break only bonds form no bonds change Hydrogenation of alkene requires: heat only catalyst only H₂ + catalyst pressure only Addition of HBr to propene (CH₃CH=CH₂): follows Markovnikov's rule follows anti-Markovnikov no preference depends on temperature Markovnikov's Rule states: H adds to carbon with fewer substituents H adds to carbon with more substituents H adds randomly no specific pattern Combustion of hydrocarbons produces: CO₂ and H₂O CO and H₂ C and H CO₂ only Cycloalkanes have: open chain closed ring of carbons double bonds aromatic structure Benzene is: aliphatic hydrocarbon aromatic hydrocarbon saturated reactive to addition Benzene ring has: localized bonds delocalized π electrons single and double bonds pure σ bonds Aromaticity requires: planarity cyclic conjugation 4n+2 π electrons all of above Substitution in benzene: usually addition usually substitution no reaction typical elimination Electrophilic aromatic substitution requires: nucleophile only electrophile only catalyst + electrophile nothing special Nitration of benzene produces: benzene + N₂ nitrobenzene dinitrobenzene nitrogen oxide Halogenation of benzene requires: Br₂ only Br₂ + catalyst (FeBr₃) Cl₂ only no catalyst needed Friedel-Crafts alkylation: adds alkyl group to benzene adds halogen to benzene removes group from benzene adds H to benzene FILLBLANK:_____ are compounds containing only C and H. Hydrocarbons Carbohydrates Carbonates Oxides FILLBLANK:Alkanes have _____ C-C bonds only. single double triple aromatic FILLBLANK:In IUPAC naming, priority is based on _____ of attached atoms. atomic number mass number electronegativity bond order FILLBLANK:_____ are cyclic hydrocarbons with single bonds. Cycloalkanes Alkenes Alkynes Aromatics FILLBLANK:Benzene is _____ hydrocarbon. aromatic aliphatic saturated cycloalkane FILLBLANK:Aromaticity requires _____ π electrons (4n+2 rule). 4n+2 2n+1 3n+1 4n FILLBLANK:Benzene preferentially undergoes _____ (not addition). substitution addition elimination oxidation FILLBLANK:_____ is substitute benzene nucleophile reaction. Electrophilic aromatic substitution Nucleophilic aromatic substitution Free radical substitution Addition reaction FILLBLANK:Friedel-Crafts adds _____ group to benzene. alkyl TRUE/FALSE: Hydrocarbons contain only C and H. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Alkenes are saturated hydrocarbons. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Alkane with n carbons has formula CnH(2n+2). TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Alkynes are less reactive than alkenes. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Isomers have same molecular formula. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Geometric isomerism requires double bond. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Markovnikov's rule applies to HBr addition. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Combustion is addition reaction. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Benzene is highly reactive to addition. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Substitution in benzene maintains aromaticity. TRUE FALSE TRUE/FALSE: Electrophilic aromatic substitution involves nucleophile attack. TRUE FALSE Previous Next Submit Quiz Want to save your progress? Create an account or log in to track your quiz scores! Register/Login